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“A fully comprehensive analysis is not required for every child. A systematic, principled analysis is, however, necessary in all cases since it forms an integral part of the clinical decision-making process."

Bates and Watson (2012, p.105)


(1) Phonetic and Phonological Systems Analysis (PPSA) (Bates and Watson 2012)

User guide available here

PPSA data charting and summary form available here


(2) Children’s Independent and Relational Phonological Analysis (CHIRPA) (Baker 2016)

A template can be found in McLeod and Baker (2017, p.334)


Analysis Guidelines:

Good practice guidelines for the analysis of speech (Child Speech Disorder Research Network, 2017)